Role of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 in airway inflammation in asthmatic mice / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effects of the change in transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) channel activity on the degree of airway inflammation in asthmatic mice.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>BALB/c mice were randomly divided into control, asthma, capsaicin (TRPV1 agonist), capsazepine (TRPV1 antagonist), and dexamethasone groups. The asthmatic mouse model was established by intraperitoneal injection of mixed ovalbumin-aluminium hydroxide solution and ultrasonic atomization with OVA for sensitization and challenge. The capsaicin, capsazepine, and dexamethasone groups were given intraperitoneal injection of capsaicin (30 μg/kg), capsazepine (10 μmol/kg), and dexamethasone (2 mg/kg) respectively, at 30 minutes before challenge. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to observe the degree of pulmonary inflammation. ELISA was used to measure the content of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and interleukin-13 (IL-13) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Real-Time PCR was used to measure the relative content of TRPV1 mRNA in lung tissue.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the asthma group, the capsazepine and dexamethasone groups showed reduced pulmonary inflammation, while the capsaicin group showed aggravated pulmonary inflammation. Compared with the control group, the asthma and capsaicin groups showed increases in the content of IL-13 and IL-8 in BALF and the mRNA expression of TRPV1 in lung tissue (P<0.05). Compared with the asthma group, the capsazepine and dexamethasone groups showed reductions in the content of IL-13 and IL-8 in BALF and the mRNA expression of TRPV1 in lung tissue (P<0.05). The capsaicin group showed increases in the content of IL-13 and IL-8 in BALF (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>TRPV1 channel agonist and antagonist can influence the degree of airway inflammation in asthmatic mice. Dexamethasone may reduce airway inflammation through regulating TRPV1 level.</p>

Research progress in human adenovirus / 病毒学报

Human adenovirus (HAdV) is one of the most important pathogens in infants and young children with acute respiratory infections and other diseases. This article reviews the literature on HAdV, including its molecular biological characteristics, detection and typing, and pathogenic mechanism, the clinical features and epidemiological characteristics of HAdV-related diseases, and the prevention and control of HAdV infections. So far, 67 types of HAdV have been identified, including recombinant variants discovered in recent years. The major epidemic strains that cause acute respiratory infections are HAdV-3 and HAdV-7, both of which belong to the subgroup B. HAdV often leads to acute respiratory infections, but it also causes diseases of other systems. HAdV-related diseases have similar clinical manifestations as those caused by other respiratory viruses, but often accompanied by gastrointestinal symptoms. The pathogenic mechanism of HAdV remains unclear, especially for the new recombinant variants, due to few studies on their association with diseases. Because there are no prospective, large randomized controlled trials of HAdV infections, the treatment of HAdV infections is controversial. Vaccine is the most effective measure to reduce respiratory HAdV infections, but it is still not commercially available.

Comparative study on pharmacokinetics of senkyunolide I after administration of simple recipe and compound recipe in rats / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To develop a LC-MS method for the determination of senkyunolide I (SI) in rat plasma, in order to observe whether there is significant change in the pharmacokinetics parameters of complex prescriptions of Huoluoxiaolingdan (HLXL) and single herbal extracts from Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. in rats, and assess the effect of other components in HLXL on the pharmacokinetics of SI.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Twelve male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into two groups, and orally administered with extract from HLXL and L. chuanxiong (both equal to SI 4.53 mg x kg(-1)). Their blood was collected at different time points for LC-MS, in order to detect the plasma concentration of SI. The pharmacokinetic parameters of SI were calculated by DAS 2.0 software. SPSS 16.0 software was used for independent-sample T-test and Nonparametric T-test.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>A linear relationship of SI ranged from 6.750 to 675.0 microg x L(-1), and with the lowest limit of detection being 6.750 microg L(-1). Both of the plasma concentration-time curves of SI were fitted with the two-compartment model for extract of HLXL and L. chuanxiong. The detected AUC and Cmax of SI showed significant difference, with no significant difference in other parameters.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The LC-MS determination method established in this experiment was so exclusive, accurate and sensitive that it is suitable for pharmacokinetic studies on extracts of HLXL and SI from L. chuanxion. The experiment results show that other ingredients of HLXL have noticeable effect on the absorption of SI in rat plasma.</p>

Molecular and epidemiological study of human adenovirus among infants with diarrhea in Nanjing / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the prevalence, clinic features and epidemiologic characteristics of human adenovirus diarrhea in Nanjing.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>730 stool specimens were collected from children with diarrhea in Nanjing Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from June 2009 to June 2011. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was employed to detect human adenovirus. The total positive PCR products were typed by nest-PCR or multiple PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>21 samples (21/730) were positive for human adenovirus of all 730 samples from June 2009 to June 2011 and enteric HAdV-41 is the predominant stain.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Enteric HAdV-41 and non-enteric adenovirus were the major etiological agents of viral diarrhea among infants and children in Nanjing from 2009 to 2011. We should take the long-term systematic surveillance seriously.</p>